ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic illness and it has a significant impact on health. Behavioral interventions theory could improve self-care practices of the foot among patients with diabetic. Behavioral interventions could prevent the risk of foot problems. This trial aims at determining the effect of patient education intervention on foot self-care behavior and clinical outcomes among diabetes patients. Methods: The study is a two-arm single-blinded randomized controlled trial which will be conducted in the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria involving 160 diabetic patients. A central computer-generated randomization list will be generated. Sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelopes will be used to determine concealment. The sample size is 160; therefore 80 participants will receive three sessions of patient education in addition to usual care (intervention group) for three and six months while another 80 participants (control group) will receive only usual care and will receive health education after the study is completed. The outcome of the intervention effectiveness is measured by modified version of Diabetes foot Self-Care Behavior Scale (DFSBS). Discussion: Our hypothesis is that based on the Health Belief Model, patient education intervention can improve foot self-care behavior in the intervention group. Data collection will be done at baseline, and at three- and six-months post intervention. Trial Registration: The Clinical Trials Registry- India (CTRI), Reference no CTRI/2021/06/034311.
ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain one of the greatest significant problems of diabetes mellitus. It is a cause of main suffering and expenses for patient, and financial problem on health facilities and public. One of the strategies to overcome DFU is through health education to prevent foot ulcer, which focused in promoting foot self-care. To reach this aim, researchers had applied different educational approaches. This systematic review is to evaluate various types of educational programs in terms of its method of delivery and effectiveness. Methods: The search involved various databases; EBSCOHOST, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane library, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SAGE SringerLink, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library. It was limited to full text research articles that report intervention studies, and the writte up in English Language, the publication was from 2005 to 2021. The key words were “diabetes”, “diabetes foot”, “foot self-care”, health education and “interventions”. Results: Twenty studies were involved in this review. Nine studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), while eleven reported non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs). Conclusion: There are evidences that foot care education improves foot care and diabetic foot problems. Various health education approaches, for instance foot assessment, discussion, counseling, homebased visitation and telephone calls have been shown to be effective in improving educational programs. Studies in the future should focus on RCTs in different sites and apply follow-up of long duration to provide better recommendations to healthcare practitioners on effective educational interventions to prevent DFUs.